The belt conveyor is a conveyor belt that is supported by upper and lower rollers as a bearing member and a traction member. It bypasses the head and tail rollers to form a closed-loop conveyor. It transmits power by means of the friction between the driving roller and the conveyor belt. Realize material transportation.
The belt conveyor has the following characteristics:
1. Long conveying distance;
2. Large conveying capacity;
3. Simple structure, low capital investment, and low operating expenses;
4. The transmission line can be arranged horizontally, obliquely, or bent horizontally or vertically, so it is less restricted by topographical conditions;
5. Simple operation, safe and reliable, easy to realize automatic control.
Scope of application:
1. It can be used in metallurgy, coal, mining, port, power station, chemical, petroleum, and other sectors. It can transport various bulk materials and finished articles with a bulk density of 0.5 to 2.5 tons per cubic meter.
2. The working environment temperature is generally minus 25 to minus 40 degrees Celsius. For belt conveyors working in special environments, corresponding protective measures should be taken.
3. It can be used to transport materials horizontally, inclined upward, and inclined downward.
4. The allowable material granularity of the conveyor depends on the bandwidth, belt speed, groove angle and inclination, as well as the frequency of bulk materials. Selection of the maximum granularity applicable to various bandwidths.
Selection of main components
1. Conveyor belt
1. Conveyor belt is the traction member and bearing member in the conveyor. There are ordinary and special conveyor belts. The tensile body (core layer) includes cotton canvas, nylon canvas, polyester canvas and steel wire rope core. The specifications and technical parameters of canvas conveyor belts and steel cord conveyor belts are listed.
2. The minimum and maximum allowable layers of various canvas belts.
3. The thickness of the cover rubber layer is determined according to the bulk density, particle size, the height of the material to be transported, and the abrasiveness of the material.
4. The unit length quality of the canvas conveyor belt is selected according to the product samples of each factory.
5. Safety factor of the conveyor belt.
2. Driving device
The driving device is the power part of the belt conveyor, which is composed of a motor, a high-speed shaft coupling (hydraulic coupling), a reducer, a low-speed shaft coupling, a brake (backstop), etc. installed on the drive device frame. Usually, when the transmission power is greater than 45 kW, the high-speed shaft adopts a fluid coupling. When multiple mechanical backstops are used on one conveyor, if the load cannot be guaranteed to be evenly distributed, each backstop must be selected according to the maximum possible reverse torque of a conveyor.
3. Electric drum
The built-in electric drum is a transmission device that puts the motor and the reduction gear into the drum. Because of its compact structure and low mass, it is suitable for short-distance, low-power belt conveyors. Electric drums are usually used in occasions where the transmission power is below 55 kW and the ambient temperature does not exceed 40 degrees Celsius.
4. Drive roller
The drive roller is the main part of power transmission. There are two types of rollers: split surface and rubber surface. Glossy rollers can be used when the power is low, the bandwidth is small, and the environment is dry; the rubber rollers should be used when the environment is humid, high power, and easy to slip.
The minimum drive drum diameter D can be selected as follows:
D=Cd
In the formula: D———Minimum transmission drum diameter, mm;
d———core layer thickness or steel wire rope diameter, mm; c——The coefficient is 80 for cotton fabric, 90 for nylon fabric, 108 for polyester fabric, and 145 for steel cord core
5. Reversing roller
The reversing roller is used to change the running direction of the conveyor belt or increase the wrap angle between the conveyor belt and the drive roller. Glossy
Two rollers and rubber surface. The bandwidth matches the drum diameter.
6. Roller
It is used to support the conveyor belt and the materials carried on it to ensure the smooth operation of the conveyor belt. It is divided into the trough, parallel, centering, forward tilt, buffer, return, transition, and other roller types.
1. The matching of roller diameter and bandwidth.
2. There are two types of bearing branch rollers: trough and parallel. Trough idlers are used to transport bulk materials; parallel idlers are used to transport finished items. Carrying branch roller spacing.
3. The return branch rollers are divided into parallel, V type, and reverse V type, which are used to support the return branch conveyor belt. The use of V-shaped and reverse V-shaped rollers plays a good role in preventing the conveyor belt from a deflection. The distance between the return branch rollers is 2.4 to 3 meters.
4. The self-aligning roller is used to adjust the deviation of the conveyor belt to ensure the stable operation of the conveyor belt. The use of forward-inclined trough-shaped rollers also plays a role in centering the conveyor belt.
5. The buffer roller is used at the conveyor receiving part to reduce the impact of materials on the conveyor belt and extend the life of the conveyor belt. The spacing depends on the bulk density, particle size and blanking height of the material. Generally take 1/2 to 1/3 of the distance between the supporting branch rollers.
6. The transition roller is installed between the roller and the first set of standard rollers, so that the conveyor belt will gradually become grooved or flattened out of the groove shape, reducing the additional stress caused by the groove on the edge of the conveyor belt, and also preventing the conveyor belt from being flattened. When the material is scattered, the distance between the rollers can be determined according to the actual use.
7. The minimum transition distance A between the centerline of the head drum and the first set of standard trough idlers is shown in Figure 1-2; the minimum transition distance between the centerline of the tail drum and the first set of standard trough idlers should be Larger than the distance between the supporting branch rollers; the distance between the convex arc segment supporting rollers is generally 1/2 of the distance between the supporting branch rollers.
8. When conveying articles with a mass greater than 20 kg, the distance between the rollers should not be greater than 1/2 of the length of the article in the conveying direction; when conveying articles with a weight of less than 20 kg, the distance between the rollers is 1 meter.
7.Tensioning device
In order to ensure that the belt conveyor belt has sufficient tension, ensure that there is no slippage between the conveyor belt and the driving roller, and limit the sag of the conveyor belt between the rollers, so that the conveyor can operate normally, a tensioning device is required. There are usually several types of tensioning devices: screw type, heavy hammer type, vertical heavy hammer type and fixed winch type. The tensioning device should be arranged as far as possible in the place where the tension of the conveyor belt is least and easy to arrange and maintain.
1. Spiral tensioning device is suitable for conveyors with short length (less than 80 meters) and low power. The tensioning stroke is selected according to one to 1.5 percent of the captain. Its parameters match.
2. The vertical hammer car-type tensioning device is suitable for conveyors with longer distances and higher power. Its parameters match.
3. The fixed winch-type tensioning device is used for conveyors with long distances and large volumes. Its parameters match.
4. The vertical weight tensioning device can be arranged by the space position of the conveyor corridor, and automatically compensates the elongation of the conveyor belt by gravity with the change of tension.
8. Unloading device
The unloading device of belt conveyor is used for unloading at any point in the middle of the conveyor. There are plow trippers and trippers.
1. There are three types of plow tripper: double side, left side, and right side. It is suitable for conveyors with a belt speed of not more than 2.5m/s, a particle size of the conveyed material below 50mm, and a conveyor belt with a vulcanized joint.
2. The tripper is suitable for conveyors whose belt speed is generally not greater than 2.5m/s. However, it is also suitable for conveyors with a belt speed not greater than 3.15m/s when conveying fine granular or small block materials.
9. Head funnel
The head funnel of belt conveyor has the functions of guiding material, controlling the direction of material flow, and preventing dust.
10. Cleaner
The cleaner of belt conveyor is used to clean the materials adhering to the conveyor belt. There are usually head cleaners and empty section cleaners. The head cleaner is installed at the unloading roller to clean the sticky material on the working surface of the conveyor belt. The empty section cleaner is installed on the non-working surface of the lower branch conveyor belt in front of the tail drum or at the side of the vertical weight device to redirect the drum to clean the materials on the non-working surface of the conveyor belt.
11. Rack
The frame of belt conveyor is used to support the rollers, rollers, hoppers, guide troughs, and other components installed on it, and generally consists of a head frame, a tail frame, an intermediate frame, and feet.
12. Safety protection device
The safety protection device of belt conveyor is the equipment that can monitor and alarm when the conveyor fails. Usually, there are deviation monitoring devices, slip monitoring devices, Overspeed monitoring devices, material flow monitoring devices, chute blockage protection devices, emergency stop ropes Switch, etc. For technical parameters and installation dimensions, please refer to the relevant samples.
Yutung Industrial produces belt conveyor components, like conveyor belts, conveyor idlers, impact bar, etc. Website www.ytconveyor.com. Email: sales@ytconveyor.com
